中国最神秘的山地民族！千年不与汉族通婚，女人头上藏着惊天秘密

中国最神秘的山地民族！千年不与汉族通婚，女人头上藏着惊天秘密

In the mountainous villages of Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other places in southern China , there lives an ancient ethnic minority, the She people. If you are lucky enough to visit a She settlement during a grand festival, their unique skills will surely open your eyes. Have you ever seen a man walking barefoot on hot coals? You can feel the heat wave hitting your face from just a few meters away. Even more amazing is that they have to walk on a mountain of knives, stepping on the blades barefoot without making a single mistake , otherwise they will cut their feet. These scenes are thrilling to watch, but they are surprisingly unharmed. There are many abnormalities in this ethnic group . Everyone knows that the Han people have to kneel to the sky, the earth, and their parents when they get married. But at a lively She wedding, only the groom kneels three times and kowtows nine times, while the one standing dignifiedly beside him and only needs to nod slightly during the kowtow is the bride. The status of She women in the tribe Is it really that high? With the blessing of legends, the identities of these She men and women with unique skills and customs have become even more mysterious. They are descendants of the phoenix, and their ancestors even have dog heads. If they marry Han people, they will be cursed to have no descendants. They are strong and healthy , but they have long lived in seclusion in the mountains. There are many delicious foods , but dog meat is the only taboo . What is even more shocking is that in an era when men are superior to women, the status of She girls in the tribe is higher than that of men. Seeing this , everyone must have many questions. What kind of grievances have there been between the She and Han people that are so serious that they cannot intermarry? What kind of ethnic group are the mysterious She women, and why do they enjoy such a high status in the tribe ? Next, let us get to know the She people and unveil their mystery. The name She is pronounced as “Shan” in their native language. Ha or Shanda , Ha and Da both mean guests , so She is also translated as guests living in the mountains, which is also their self-proclaimed name. Today, the vast majority of She people still maintain the habit of living in the mountains. This ethnic group with a population of only 740,000 is not as populated as some large counties. So what kind of unique culture and traditions do they have? Banyueli, located in Ningde, Fujian, is a village nestled between mountains and rivers that has nurtured She culture for more than 300 years. It not only carries the unique culture and feelings of the She people, but also allows us to see the dominant power of women in the daily lives of She people. Every day, Lei Huaxiang gets up at dawn. She puts on clean daily clothes and the silver jewelry that She women love. A new day begins from then on. Lei Huaxiang is already in her 40s and has two daughters. But her wrinkle-free face and neat dress made her look a few years younger than her peers. Lei Huaxiang’s husband, Lei Qisong, was the inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of the She ethnic group’s marriage customs. After breakfast, they had a clear division of labor. This was different from the traditional division of labor in the family, where men worked outside and women worked inside. In Lei Huaxiang’s family, it had always been Lei Qisong who rode his bicycle to take the children to school and then went to the town to pick up the tools she needed to repair the house. Lei Huaxiang, on the other hand, carried a bamboo basket up the mountain to pick tea and honeysuckle. Nowadays , most people have moved to cities where life is more convenient. When faced with a choice, Lei Huaxiang resolutely chose to stay in this ancient village. In order to better pass on the She ethnic culture, she and her husband decided to build a small She ethnic folk museum in Banyue. We don’t have much. What about culture? Doing cultural things is very difficult and hard. During the half-month process of building a small museum, the fatigue and hard work made Lei Huaxiang waver more than once. She has always lived in the mountain village and does not know much about the cultural needs of people in the city. Whenever she and her husband have free time , they devote themselves to the construction of the museum and often work until late at night without a break. Many details in the museum have to be revised repeatedly after they are completed. Even so, the villagers have different opinions on this. Some even think that Lei Huaxiang and her husband did this to make money by turning the museum into an Internet celebrity check-in point. But only the couple themselves know how much effort they have put into this museum. I am not doing it for the money, I am doing it to attract more guests to our place. Lei Huaxiang speaks Mandarin not very fluently, but the sincerity and determination in her eyes have not diminished in the slightest. Not only did she not give up in the face of difficulties, she also put forward her own unique insights on cultural inheritance from a female perspective. The graceful figure dancing in the fields with a bamboo basket on her back and an oil-paper umbrella in her hand is Lei Huaxiang, who is filming a promotional video for the She ethnic group. She believes that if more tourists want to visit Banyueli to appreciate the She ethnic culture , there must be attractive check-in spots. People who come to visit the ethnic minority culture must want to leave this unique mark of the She village in their photo albums. So she personally transformed herself into a model , wearing unique She ethnic costumes and standing in front of the house for tourists to take photos and work with her on this task. There is also an amiable old lady . The most relaxing and warm moment for the family is the evening after the children get home from school. Lei Qisong picks up his daughters and goes to the kitchen to cook . Lei Huaxiang just needs to help her husband. In other places, if men cook and women are idle, it will be considered that the former has no dignity. But in the She ethnic group, this scene has long been commonplace. After all , She women have been farming like men thousands of years ago. Naturally, there is no such thing as only women doing housework. The two daughters are playing with building blocks in the living room. On the wall behind them are many cloth samples embroidered with phoenix patterns, representing the unique beliefs of the She ethnic group. Behind this wonderful scene of tradition and modernity is the Lei Qisong family’s adherence to She culture. They have to personally organize and protect everything. This is Someone has to uphold national culture. No matter how poor or hard it is, I will persevere. Lei Qisong lamented the difficulties of being a successor , but his face showed the happiness and satisfaction of being in it. The dominance of She women is not only reflected in daily life, but also in grand weddings. In order to respect the unique traditional customs of the She people and facilitate their daily life, the State Council approved the establishment of the She Autonomous County in Jingning, Zhejiang in 1984. Here you can see the stunning scene of ten miles of red makeup and phoenix crowns and bridal robes. The wedding scene of the She ethnic group is sunny and refreshing. This morning I went to Shanlinpi to see the brother carrying thatch. He sang beautifully and was well-mannered. This was not an ordinary folk song. The two of them had a mutual understanding when they first met. The thoughts of the boy and girl were hidden in the folk songs. In the breeze and birdsong in the mountains, the boy sang more and more passionately, and the girl lowered her head shyly. The two fell in love at first sight and had a mutual understanding. They secretly accepted the person in front of them. Unlike the traditional marriage customs of the Han nationality where the parents’ orders and the matchmaker’s words are the norm, the marriages of the She ethnic group’s young people are not entirely dependent on matchmaking. They have ample freedom to choose. The next step in the traditional She wedding is to ask the matchmaker to go to the girl’s home for a blind date. In most other ethnic groups , the marriage can be finalized after a single meeting between the parents of both parties . However, due to the She ethnic group’s female-centered thinking, they attach more importance to such a major event in life as marriage, so the man’s matchmaking needs to be done at least 2-3 times . The purpose is to test the man’s sincerity and patience and to demonstrate the status of She ethnic women. You see, this uncle with a brisk pace is here to act as a matchmaker for the young people. He speaks without beating around the bush. After a few pleasantries, he directly states his purpose. The girl’s father does not have the attitude of arranging marriages. The first sentence he says with a smile is, “ As adults , we cannot agree immediately. It depends on their own ideas .” The matchmaker uncle has visited the girl’s home three times. The wedding custom naturally transitions to the next step. The girl is accompanied by her relatives and friends. On such an important day, the girls of the She ethnic group came to the groom’s side , wearing silver ornaments on their heads. Girls of the She ethnic group should not underestimate this seemingly simple headdress. From the raw materials to the handmade production, it costs nearly ten thousand yuan. Therefore, the headdress worn by She girls has another name: Phoenix Crown. The original meaning of the Phoenix Crown was that a girl would wear it when she got married and fly away like a phoenix. Later, it gradually became popular as a kind of ornament representing the She ethnic culture passed down from generation to generation. Because She ethnic costumes also have the function of performance , the headdress must also be made beautifully. As the saying goes, slow work makes fine work. You must not be impatient when making such exquisite ornaments. However , you should rarely see headdresses made of wood. In this respect, the Phoenix Crown is indeed very special. The carved wood is wrapped with cloth so that it will not scratch the head when worn with greater movements . Those jingling after wearing it The ringing silver ornaments are all pure handmade works made in advance by the grandmothers. The patterns on the silver ornaments represent the cultural beliefs of the She ethnic group. The jewels used for embellishment are also carefully selected by them one by one and then strung together. After the preliminary preparations are completed, the most labor-intensive work comes next . The headdresses of this group of girls are all handmade. Therefore , the grandmothers who have been engaged in this craft for a long time not only have calluses on their finger joints but also often get punctured. Because the fabric of the headdress is very hard, it is easy to puncture the fingers when threading the needle. Year after year, there are scars that are difficult to heal. From raw materials to assembly , the pure handmade production day after day, the She ethnic grandmothers put all their efforts into the phoenix crown, which is fully worthy of the title of ten thousand yuan phoenix crown. However, with the development of technology, the original wood has been replaced with lightweight foam, which is more comfortable to wear and more convenient for girls to move around on important days. Wearing a jingling beautiful headdress, she showed her unique charm in front of everyone. This is not only a symbol of the noble status of the She girls, but also a way of expressing her respect for the man by wearing such a solemn headdress when visiting the man’s family. Everyone was talking and laughing and was very satisfied. The marriage between the two families was thus decided, and the subsequent matters became much easier. Sending the engagement, hiring a matchmaker, setting the date, carrying rice, and brewing wine, everything went on in an orderly manner. On the day of inviting the girl to marry, the man’s wedding team carried large and small bags of pork, rice, rice wine, and other gifts all the way to the woman’s house. When they arrived at the village entrance, the woman’s aunts and uncles would stop them and sing folk songs. After the wedding team arrived at the woman’s house, they would start catching snails. You will definitely ask why they catch snails on the wedding day. Don’t get me wrong , this is not what we think. The kind of snail catching is different from the other. Instead, the man and woman, four people each , face each other and bow to each other. In the blink of an eye, it is the wedding day. Such a lively and unique wedding scene will definitely make your eyes light up. On the day of dressing up as the bride, the bride’s hair will be combed by the aunt, who will put on new clothes and put on the hairpin. The beautiful bride is smiling like a flower while dressing up . Today is destined to be her happiest and most beautiful day. The cow with a big red flower on its head will walk at the front of the procession. Don’t be surprised. This is a symbol of good luck in the wedding customs of the She ethnic group. As the saying goes, “a phoenix crown and a red bridal gown are ten miles long.” The bride, dressed in gorgeous clothes and wearing a phoenix crown, walks towards the groom’s house surrounded by people. A long dowry procession follows closely behind her . The scenes and descriptions during the wedding ceremony are definitely something you have never seen before. In the traditions of the Han and most other ethnic groups, it is the man who marries the woman. The couple kneels together and in some parts the woman’s posture is even more humble. However, in the lively She ethnic group wedding scene before us, it is only the groom who kneels when the groom kowtows. The bride next to him only needs to nod slightly. If this happens in other ethnic groups, even people living in modern society would probably subconsciously think that the man is humiliated when the man kneels while the woman does not. However, in the She ethnic group , this is a natural tradition . Not only that, after marriage, women of other ethnic groups are responsible for serving their parents-in -law and children have to take their father’s surname. However, the She ethnic group has the tradition of offspring taking their mother’s surname. Our familiar actress Lan Yingying is a She ethnic group princess. Naturally, she also took her mother’s surname . The She ethnic group’s marriage customs have been like this for thousands of years. In contrast , in ancient times , the Han people Women at that time basically had no right to decide on their own marriages, so why do the women of the She ethnic group have such a high status in the tribe? This cannot but mention the She ethnic group’s creation legend. According to legend , during the reign of Emperor Gao Xin, the Quanrong tribe kept invading. In desperation, Emperor Gao Xin issued a reward for whoever could cut off the head of the Quanrong general, so that he could marry his daughter, the third princess. King Panhu, who had a dog’s head and a human body, successfully killed the Quanrong general. So Emperor Gao Xin married the third princess to him. Together they went to Fenghuang Mountain in Chaozhou and reproduced. Therefore, the She people of all generations believed that the third princess and King Panhu were the ancestors of the She ethnic group, and naturally passed down the custom of worshipping women and not eating dog meat. The She ethnic group does not believe in worship in the form of offerings, and the She girls are not beautiful vases that do nothing. The tradition of the Han Chinese ladies who never leave their homes and women who are forced to bind their feet is completely different. The She women not only take care of the housework and raise children , but also work in the fields with men. So not only because of the legend, the status of the hardworking and simple She women in the tribe is also earned by themselves . In other aspects, She women also enjoy many rights that Han women do not have. They can participate in ancestor worship ceremonies like men, have their names included in the family tree, sign prenuptial agreements with their husbands to stipulate their obligations after marriage , and even have the right to remarry if their husbands pass away . This is absolutely impossible for the Han people. Although the She people are relatively open-minded and women have a high status , for a long time, intermarriage between She and Han people was absolutely not allowed. You may say that now Intermarriage between She and Han people is very common. Why doesn’t anyone stop it? This requires mentioning a key figure, Lan Baocheng. He was the first person to break the shackles of intermarriage between She and Han people. He made great contributions to the transformation of She ethnic group’s marriage customs and the progress of civilization . For a long period of history, the She ethnic group had a sparse population and unique living habits, and was often regarded as an alien by the Han people. The She ethnic group was not to be outdone. Since you look down on me, let’s just cut off contact and intermarriage was naturally out of the question. Until the 21st year of the Guangxu period, Lan Baocheng’s friend Liao Zhuozhang took the initiative to propose to marry Lan Baocheng’s daughter Lan Zhangcui to his son Liao Zouxun as a wife. The two usually had a good relationship. Lan Baocheng also had this intention. Soon the news of the two families’ intermarriage spread throughout the area. When Lan Baocheng’s family learned about it, they advised him that marrying his daughter to a Han Chinese would mess up the ethnic groups. This is absolutely unacceptable. Lan Baocheng didn’t care at all. He said humorously that everyone was a family. Later, his four sons also married Han women one after another. Lan Baocheng single-handedly promoted the further development of She-Han relations. In the more free and open contemporary society, She girls have more choices. Many of them followed their families to move to more prosperous big cities. Although there are many precious memories in the She ethnic group settlements where they have lived for a long time , life is not as convenient and fast as in big cities. There are also more new things that young people like there. But when her peers rushed to big cities after graduation, this girl named Lan Yuying made a decision that puzzled everyone. She returned to the remote mountain village that required three buses to get to for most of the day . In order to learn more professional clothing crafts, Lan Yuying returned to her hometown of Xiapu and immediately went to Shangshui Village to find teacher Lan Changyu to learn the traditional embroidery crafts of the She ethnic group. When the girl left, the sun was at its peak, and when she arrived at the teacher’s house, the sunset was about to set. Facts have proved that the skills Lan Yuying learned later were worth her bumpy journey. Teacher Lan Changyu is now in her 50s. She wears glasses and teaches Lan Yuying stitch by stitch where the width is and how to make it look better. Years of embroidery and sewing have made her eyes not as good as before. When sewing, the hard fabric often pierces her skin, and her finger joints are covered with calluses. Lan Changyu understands that the production of She ethnic clothing needs successors , but there are not many young people who can endure loneliness and are willing to study hard. The production of pure handmade She ethnic clothing takes a long time. Lan Changyu needs to sew it stitch by stitch for three months , but she can only sell three or four sets a year at most. A set of traditional She ethnic clothing costs 3,000 yuan, while the average She ethnic family has a monthly income of only 2,000 yuan. Even more frustrating is that young people from the neighboring village can make tens of thousands of yuan a month by simply live-streaming and selling goods. So Lan Changyu wanted to know if this young woman could stick with it . She asked Lan Yuying why she chose to make She ethnic clothing. The young woman’s eyes sparkled. Every pattern on She ethnic clothing has its own meaning, and every word on the ribbon has connotations . It really touched me. Teacher Lan could see that the young woman had a determination and perseverance in her eyes that she had not seen in a long time. What surprised and delighted Lan Changyu was her cleverness. Lan Yuying has a bold and feasible approach. Actually, I have an idea: to use cultural creativity as a medium to spread our She ethnic culture. Looking at the She ethnic costumes displayed in the showcase, Lan Yuying feels that the embroidery patterns on clothing can not only be confined to clothes, but can also appear on bags, jewelry boxes , portable mirrors and other everyday items commonly used by modern people. Many of Lan Yuying’s college classmates are now earning high salaries in internet companies , while she, under dim lights, repeatedly practices embroidery patterns late into the night. It is this lovely and enthusiastic girl who has revitalized She ethnic culture with a new attitude . Compared with young people, the elderly of the She ethnic group prefer to stay in mountain villages. In the village of Gaotan in Rucheng, Hunan, we learned that You will never imagine the story of the She people who settled here. It is a memory of being bullied. The people in the town called us “Shan Lao Gu” who knew nothing. When we saw them at the market, we would bully them and beat them up. Mr. Lan Juhua is now over 100 years old and still reveals helplessness and grievance when he tells the story in front of the camera. But no matter what, once these elderly people of the same age as Lan Juhua pass away , the living history they have experienced will disappear forever without the narrator. From Mr. Lan Juhua’s narration, we know that 100 years ago, the She people living in Gaotan Village were chased and beaten with stones simply because their language and clothing were different from those of the locals. This left a deep shadow on them. With the continuous development and progress of time and civilization, China’s The protection policies for ethnic minorities are becoming increasingly complete, and they will actively help ethnic minorities inherit their unique ethnic culture. Take the She ethnic group’s most grand festival, March 3rd, for example. On this day, the roads in Jingning, a She village , are completely cleared under official management, just to support the She people in celebrating their traditional festival. The She people, dressed in phoenix crowns and gorgeous clothes, gather together to participate in this stunning large-scale parade. Surrounded by the singing and dancing of their fellow brothers and sisters, the girl who plays the phoenix stands on the float with an expression of unspeakable pride and joy on her face. Among the many people singing and dancing, we can even see a handsome team of motorcycle riders and Western faces singing and dancing. Nowadays, this grand carnival has incorporated many modern elements and is moving further and further on the road of internationalization. March 3rd is becoming more and more grand. Fashionable, but behind the prosperity, some traditions are fading. The She language is inherently difficult to speak , and there are fewer young people who can speak it. She children, born into cities, are further and further away from this ancient language. During festive occasions, sound replaces musical instruments, and the excitement seems more important than customs . Young people dress in gorgeous costumes and sing and dance. But those who truly understand tradition are few and far between. No one understands this better than Zhong Changgan. Two figures, one large and one small, dance gracefully in the vast wilderness. At first glance, they look like a father and a child, but upon closer inspection, it is revealed that it is actually a man dancing with a string puppet. Zhong Changgan followed his father to the theater troupe when he was a teenager and has shown a strong interest in puppetry since childhood. As a senior inheritor, Zhong Changgan can complete the entire process from production to performance by himself . To compose a work, it may seem only a few minutes in the eyes of others, but in fact, no one knows the time I put in it in my heart. Now he is 50 years old. He is over 100 years old and most of his peers are about to retire. However, Zhong Changgan often stays up late to create, treating each puppet he carves as a child. He firmly believes that only by creating high-quality works can he win back the audience from the clutches of film and television dramas and short videos. The She ethnic group has a population of less than 740,000. How can such a niche ethnic culture survive in the torrent of the times ? The will and efforts of a few inheritors are definitely not enough. The tourism development of the settlement has become a window for people to understand the She culture. This move has not only revitalized the She culture, but also made it go further and further in the international community. This is Qingshui She Village. Look at these long bamboo poles overlapping in the sun. Do you think they are used for carrying things? Don’t be impatient, listen. With the crisp call of “Tourists are coming”, the sound of music suddenly rang out, and the empty space instantly gathered She people wearing distinctive costumes. They jumped between the bamboo poles to the cheerful music. This is the bamboo pole dance of the She ethnic group. Led by the mother, the tourists’ steps became more and more brisk and free. They fully felt the charm of the She village in the dance. In order to better spread the She culture, Lishui Jingning has invested a lot of money to restore an ancient She city. The Chinese She Museum in the ancient city not only has text and picture materials, but more interestingly, it also provides tourists with many experience projects. In a corner of the exhibition hall, there is a 1:1 restored firewood shoulder pole. Everyone can try to be a Shanha and experience the life of the She people carrying firewood. The restored model shows the She kitchen. At first glance, it is no different from our common kitchens. Upon closer inspection, you will find that there is an ingenious design hidden on the other side of the wall. The She people use a thick bamboo pipe to bring the mountain spring water from outside into the kitchen for washing vegetables and cooking. The water channel under the sink can even be used to raise fish. The smart and simple She people really make full use of resources. Not far from the museum is Dajun Ancient Street. Although it is a specially developed tourist attraction , it has no commercial atmosphere at all . There will be special She ethnic wedding performances, She medicine experiences, and handicraft shops. You can experience everything related to She ethnic culture in the ancient city. With the continuous development and publicity from all sides , the She ethnic culture, which was once little-known , has also been shining brightly in the international community. An Asian-looking girl wearing She ethnic costumes walked on the streets of France, receiving countless admiring glances from international friends. With a confident smile on her face, she walked through the corridor with mottled light and shadow . The patterns on her clothes complemented the carvings of European-style buildings. When people asked her where she was from, the She girl smiled and proudly said “China” . At this moment , She ethnic culture has truly stepped onto the world stage. Tradition and modernity, craftsmanship and technology , life and tourism are closely intertwined. The inheritance of She ethnic culture is also facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Can the ancient and mysterious She ethnic culture attract you? Please share with us in the comment area. If you like today’s video , please like, subscribe and repost. This is the end of this issue. See you next time.

🌕🌕【本期简介】🌕🌕
在中国东南的深山里，藏着一个神秘民族——畲族。
这里，女人的地位高于男人；新娘不用下跪，新郎却要行大礼。
他们自称凤凰的后裔，世代遵循奇特的禁忌与婚俗。

为什么在畲族，女人才是真正的主人？
一个只有七十多万人的民族，究竟守护着怎样的秘密？

本期视频，带你走进畲族，揭开这段鲜为人知的故事。

★☆★章节时间轴☆★☆
00:00 – 神秘的凤凰后裔
01:57 – 畲族夫妻的日常
05:40 – 新娘不跪，新郎行大礼
11:22 – 独特的女性地位
14:05 – 接受传承的女孩
17:14 – 七十万人口的坚守与传承

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🔥 相关影片（强烈建议继续观看）：

▶️ 一妻多夫的民族现实生活

▶️ 中印边境神秘民族

▶️ 贵州深山民族：5000年前后裔的遗孙

▶️ 中国未识别民族｜生活实录 播放列表

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💬 你觉得女性地位高的民族，更能守住文化吗？
如果换作你，会愿意生活在畲族吗？欢迎留言分享！

🙏 感谢观看，期待下期与你再见！

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