【学習史跡】三内丸山遺跡　青森県【縄文時代】

【学習史跡】三内丸山遺跡　青森県【縄文時代】

I am at Sannai Maruyama ruins in Aomori City. The Sannai Maruyama Ruins was registered as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 2021 as a “Jomon Ruins in Hokkaido and Northern Tohoku.” It is one of the largest Jomon village ruins in Japan, with impressive dug-out pillar buildings and pit buildings.

First, enter the building called “Jomon Jiyukan”. Buy tickets here. Inside is an exhibition room, restaurant, and souvenir shop. Let’s take a look at the restored historic site first, and then come back later. This is after passing through the Jomon Jiyukan. It is a circular stone tomb.

It was built along the remains of a road, surrounding the graves of adults. The diameter is approximately 4m. Beyond this is the “Restored and Preserved Historic Site Jomon Village”. It is a large restored pillared building. No one knows if it actually looked like this.

It is speculated that such a building may have existed based on the remains of six large pillars. The pillar holes were 2 m in diameter and 2 m deep, and the distance between the pillars was 4.2 m. This 4.2m is a multiple of 35.

At that time, intervals were measured in multiples of 35, and this was called the “Jomon shaku.” This is a restored large pit building. You can take a tour inside. Several other buildings have also been restored. A pillar hole for a large excavated building pillar. This is the real thing.

Inside was a chestnut tree with a diameter of 1m. A child’s grave. Children were buried in earthenware vessels. More than 800 have been found so far. The northern embankment is the remains where pottery and stone tools were discarded. It is a restored pillar building. This is a high-floor building.

This is an adult grave. Adults were buried in holes dug in the ground. Ruins of a large pit building. It was built in the center of the village. It dates from the early Jomon period and was 15 meters long. This is a restored pit building. This is the south embankment.

Pottery, stone tools, clay figurines, and other items were thrown away along with the soil, and the area soon became like a hill. Walking north towards the valley. Wooden products, lacquerware, animal bones, and plant seeds remained in the northern valley.

The northern valley is now like a swamp, but it seems that it has been refilled and preserved. There is a picnic area on the south side of the ruins. This is the “Jomon Village” seen from the south. Let’s return to the Jomon Jiyukan and take a look at the exhibition room.

The Sannai Maruyama ruins are the ruins of a large-scale settlement from the early to middle Jomon period (5,900 to 4,200 years ago), circa 3,900 to 2,200 BC. The ruins had already been identified in the Edo period,

But a full-scale investigation into the ruins was carried out in the late 20th century during preliminary surveys for the construction of a baseball field. There, the remains of a large building were discovered, and it was decided to stop construction of the baseball field and roads and preserve the ruins.

In 2021, it was registered as a World Cultural Heritage Site as a “Jomon Ruins in Hokkaido and Northern Tohoku.” This is an exhibition of familiar stone tools, earthenware, clay figurines, and bone and horn tools. Also, rare plate-shaped clay figurines have been unearthed from this ruins.

A plate-like clay figurine is a flat clay figurine with a head and upper body, but no lower body. Cultivated plants have been excavated from the Sannai Maruyama ruins. Specifically, these include chestnuts, walnuts, horse chestnuts, perilla, gourds, burdock, and beans. There was also a raised warehouse where they were probably stored.

When we think of the Jomon period, we tend to think that hunting and gathering was the main occupation, and that agriculture began only after the Yayoi period, but that is not the case. Simple plant cultivation had already been practiced since the Jomon period.

By the way, the Yayoi period is thought to have begun around the 10th century BC, when paddy rice farming began. In addition to cultivated plants, animals such as flying squirrels and hares were eaten, and fish such as red sea bream, yellowtail, mackerel, flounder, herring, and shark were also eaten.

In addition, fruit wines made mainly from elderberries were also made. This is a net basket called a Jomon pochette. It is made of wickerwork, which is made of coniferous bark interlaced vertically and horizontally. It is a kantoi called Jomon clothing. In terms of trade, jade, obsidian, and amber have been found.

For example, jade is mainly produced in Itoigawa, Niigata Prefecture, so it is thought that there were trade relations with distant places. The Jomon people enriched their dining tables with crops grown in the fields, animal meat, and seafood, drank alcohol, and enjoyed fashion.

It seems that they lived a rich life comparable to that of modern people. To access the Sannai-Maruyama Ruins, take a 30-minute bus ride from Aomori Station and get off at “Sannai-Maruyama Ruins-mae”. So that’s it for this video. Thank you for watching until the end. Let’s meet again in another city.

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★史跡をひたすらめぐる動画★
日本最大級の縄文集落跡　豊かな暮らしを楽しんでいた縄文人
訪問日：2023/05/31

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【Guide to the historic site】Sannai Maruyama Ruins, Aomori
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