最有功夫气质的山，少林功夫诞生地，中岳嵩山&少林寺徒步之旅｜4K

最有功夫气质的山，少林功夫诞生地，中岳嵩山&少林寺徒步之旅｜4K

Songshan Mountain is located in the northwest of Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China. It is part of the Waifang Mountain, the northern branch of the Qinling Mountain System, the Funiu Mountain System. The following is a detailed introduction to Songshan Mountain: Basic Overview Mountain composition: Songshan Mountain is bounded by the junction of Gongyi, Dengfeng and Yanshi in Henan Province. To the east is Taishi Mountain and to the west is Shaoshi Mountain. There are 36 peaks in each mountain, a total of 72 peaks. The main peak of Taishi Mountain, Junji Peak, is 1491.73 meters above sea level, and the main peak of Shaoshi Mountain, Liantian Peak, is 1512 meters above sea level. Climate characteristics: It belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with distinct four seasons and rain and heat at the same time. Due to the complex terrain, large undulations, and obvious vertical climate differences, the annual average temperature at the foot of the mountain is 14.3℃, and the annual precipitation is 563 mm; the annual average temperature on the mountain is 8.5℃, and the annual precipitation is 824.7 mm. Geology and landform: It is known as the “Geological Encyclopedia”. In an area of ​​less than 400 square kilometers, metamorphic and sedimentary rock stratigraphic sequences of five geological historical periods, namely the Archean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic, are continuously exposed. The geological community calls it “Five Dynasties Living under One Roof”. The landforms are rich in changes, mainly including peak forest landforms, loess landforms, tectonic landforms, and water landforms. Hydrobiology: It is located at the boundary between the Huaihe River Basin and the Yellow River Basin, with many rivers, the main rivers being the Ying River, the Yiluo River, the Luo River and the Ru River. The vegetation coverage rate is 65%, with a total of 147 families, 643 genera and 1,540 species of vascular plants, as well as many rare animals such as the great bustard and the golden eagle. Cultural heritage and historical origins: It was called “Yue Mountain” in the Western Zhou Dynasty. After King Ping of Zhou moved the capital to Luoyang, he named Song Mountain “Zhongyue”. When Wu Zetian offered sacrifices to Song Mountain, Zhongyue was changed to Shenyue. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, it has been called Zhongyue Song Mountain. Huangdi, the ancestor of human civilization, was born here. Tang Yao, Yu Shun, Dayu and others also left many relics of activities here. Emperors of successive dynasties, such as King Wu of Zhou, Emperor Wu of Han, and Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, all visited Songshan Mountain. Religious culture: Songshan Mountain is a place where Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism converge. Shaolin Temple is the ancestral home of Zen Buddhism and the birthplace of Shaolin martial arts; Zhongyue Temple is a Taoist holy place, dedicated to Zhongyue Emperor, and is large in scale; Songyang Academy is one of the four major academies in the Song Dynasty. Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi once lectured here, and it is one of the birthplaces of Neo-Confucianism. Cultural relics and historical sites: There are 16 national key cultural relics protection units, 16 key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province, and more than 6,700 cultural relics of various types. In 2010, Dengfeng’s “Heaven and Earth” historical building complex was successfully included in the “World Heritage List”, including 8 places and 11 historical buildings such as Taishi Que, Shaoshi Que, Qimu Que, Songyue Temple Pagoda, and Observatory. Tourist attractions Shaolin Scenic Area: including Shaolin Temple, Shaolin Pagoda Forest, Sanhuangzhai and other attractions. Shaolin Temple was built in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is one of the first 5A-level scenic spots and world cultural heritage sites in China; Shaolin Pagoda Forest is the largest and most numerous ancient pagoda complex in China; Sanhuangzhai is the most representative natural landscape of Songshan World Geopark, with landscapes such as Lotus Temple and Qingwei Palace. Songyang Scenic Area: There are Songyang Academy, Zhongyue Temple and other attractions. Songyang Academy has simple and elegant architecture. Zhongyue Temple is the main temple of Zhongyue Songshan. The building is symmetrical on the central axis, with a rigorous layout and magnificent momentum. Sanhuangzhai is an important part of Songshan World Geopark, Songshan Scenic Area and Songshan National Forest Park. The following is a detailed introduction about it: Topography: Sanhuangzhai is a natural mountain village hanging on the waist of Shaoshi Mountain. The entire scenic area has steep and slippery mountains and a flat and wide top. It has the characteristics of the majesty of Mount Tai, the danger of Mount Hua, the strangeness of Beiheng and the beauty of Nanheng. It is famous for its strange peaks, dangerous roads, strange stones and beautiful scenery. Cultural landscape: Lotus Temple, Qingwei Palace, Anyang Palace, Sanhuang Temple, Pangu Cave, Jade Emperor Temple, etc. Among them, Lotus Temple was built in 1927. It is a brick and stone structure. The temple enshrines Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Natural landscape: including dozens of places such as Haohan Slope, Longji Gorge, and Monkey Viewing the Sea of ​​Clouds. Haohan Slope has 486 steps and is very steep; Book Cliff is composed of flaky quartz sandstone, which is a strong fold formed by the intense orogenic movement in Songshan area 1.8 billion years ago, like an open history book. Origin of the name: It is named after the three ancestors of the world, Tianhuang, Dihuang and Renhuang, who created the world in Songshan area. The gods they worship are beyond Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and they focus on the ancestors of the world as the core of their faith. Development history: In 1994, Shaolin monk Shi Dejian began to repair the hall in Sanhuangzhai Zen Temple that was on the verge of collapse. In 2005, the second construction was started, and the Zen Temple was completed on June 1, 2013. Tour route: You can enter the mountain from the entrance of Sanhuangzhai Scenic Area, climb all the way up to Sanhuang Zen Temple, and then go up and down several times, climb deep ravines, cross the Liantian Suspension Bridge, go up the suspended plank road, go through the Book Leaf Cliff to the cable car station, take the cable car down the mountain to the Pagoda Forest, and finally exit from the Shaolin Temple exit. Shaolin Temple is located in the Shaolin Scenic Area, Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. It is a famous Buddhist temple. The following is a detailed introduction about it: Construction and name: In the 19th year of Taihe (495) of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, this temple was built at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain to accommodate the Indian monk Batuo to preach. Because it was built in the dense jungle of Shaoshi Mountain, it was named “Shaolin”. Origin of Zen Buddhism: In the third year of Xiaochang in the Northern Wei Dynasty (525), Bodhidharma, an Indian monk, came to Shaolin Temple and founded Zen Buddhism. Shaolin Temple was thus revered as the “ancestral home of Zen Buddhism”. Architectural layout Mountain Gate: It is the main entrance to the permanent residence of Shaolin Temple. It consists of the main gate and the east and west side gates. It is a single-eaved hip-and-gable building. In the middle of the gate hangs a plaque with the words “Shaolin Temple” written by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. Heavenly King Hall: Located on the central axis behind the mountain gate, it is the second courtyard. It was first built in the Yuan Dynasty. There are statues of the two generals Heng and Ha and the four heavenly kings in the hall. Main Hall: The center of Buddhist activities in the temple. It was also called the “Three Buddha Hall” and “Glass Hall” in ancient times. The hall enshrines the statues of the Three Buddhas, and there are statues of Bodhidharma and Kinnara on both sides. Sutra Pavilion: Located on the central axis behind the Main Hall, it is also called the “Dharma Hall”. It is a place for eminent monks to preach and store Buddhist scriptures. Abbot’s Courtyard: It is where the abbot of Shaolin Temple handles affairs and receives guests. There are couplets hanging on both sides of the door. It was once the sleeping palace of Emperor Qianlong when he stayed overnight at Shaolin Temple. Lixue Pavilion: Formerly known as “First Ancestor Hall” and “Dharma Pavilion”, it was built to commemorate the second ancestor of Zen Buddhism, Master Huike. There is an allusion of breaking an arm to seek Dharma in front of the hall. Cultural Characteristics Shaolin Martial Arts: At the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Shaolin monks helped Li Shimin in his battles and made great contributions. Shaolin Temple became famous, and Shaolin martial arts also became famous . It has the reputation of “Chinese Kung Fu is the best in the world, and the world’s Kung Fu comes from Shaolin”. It is an important school of Chinese martial arts, including boxing, equipment, sparring and other forms. Shaolin Medical Skills: Shaolin Pharmacy was established in 1217 and is known as the “Buddhist Medical Sect”. It has unique medical theories and therapies, such as Shaolin bone setting and Shaolin traumatology, which have made important contributions to the development of traditional Chinese medicine.

🗺️Google Maps：https://maps.app.goo.gl/PG7wKUi5fexUKBzTA

00:00 Intro
4:10 三皇寨
9:15 徒步少室山
23:03 塔林
24:15 少林寺

嵩山位于中国河南省郑州市登封市西北部，是秦岭山系伏牛山系北支外方山的一部分，以下是关于嵩山的详细介绍：

基本概况

• 山体构成：嵩山以河南巩义、登封、偃师交界为界，以东为太室山，以西为少室山，两山各有36峰，共有72峰。太室山主峰峻极峰海拔1491.73米，少室山主峰连天峰海拔1512米。

• 气候特征：属暖温带大陆性季风气候，四季分明，雨热同期。由于地形复杂，地势起伏较大，垂向气候差异明显，山下年平均气温14.3℃，年降水量563毫米；山上年平均气温8.5℃，年降水量824.7毫米。

• 地质地貌：有“地质百科全书”之称，在不到400平方千米的范围内连续出露着太古宙、元古宙、古生代、中生代和新生代五个地质历史时期的变质岩和沉积岩地层序列，地学界称之为“五代同堂”。地貌变化丰富，主要包括峰林地貌、黄土地貌、构造地貌、流水地貌等。

• 水文生物：地处淮河流域和黄河流域的分界处，河流众多，主要河流有颍河、伊洛河、洛河和汝河等。植被覆盖率达65%，共有维管植物147科、643属、1540种，还有大鸨、金雕等多种珍稀动物。

文化底蕴

• 历史渊源：西周时称“岳山”，周平王迁都洛阳后定嵩山为“中岳”，武则天封禅嵩山时改中岳为神岳，自北宋以下俱称中岳嵩山至今。人文始祖黄帝诞生于此，唐尧、虞舜、大禹等也在此留下众多活动遗迹，历代帝王如周武王、汉武帝、北魏孝文帝等都曾游历嵩山。

• 宗教文化：嵩山是佛、儒、道三教荟萃之地。少林寺是禅宗祖庭和少林武术发祥地；中岳庙是道教圣地，供奉中岳大帝，规模宏大；嵩阳书院是宋代四大书院之一，程颢、程颐曾在此讲学，是理学发源地之一。

• 文物古迹：有全国重点文物保护单位16处，河南省重点文物保护单位16处，各类文物珍品6700多件。2010年，登封“天地之中”历史建筑群成功列入《世界遗产名录》，包括太室阙、少室阙、启母阙、嵩岳寺塔、观星台等8处11项历史建筑。

旅游景点

• 少林景区：包括少林寺、少林塔林、三皇寨等景点。少林寺始建于北魏太和十九年，是全国首批5A级景区、世界文化遗产点；少林塔林是中国现存规模最大、数量最多的古塔建筑群；三皇寨是嵩山世界地质公园最具代表性的自然景观，有莲花寺、清微宫等景观。
• 嵩阳景区：有嵩阳书院、中岳庙等景点。嵩阳书院建筑古朴雅致，中岳庙是中岳嵩山的主庙，建筑为中轴对称，布局严谨，气势恢宏。

三皇寨是嵩山世界地质公园、嵩山风景名胜区和嵩山国家森林公园的重要组成部分，以下是关于它的详细介绍：

基本概况

• 地理位置：位于河南省登封市嵩山少室山西麓，距登封市区15公里，北与少林景区接连交壁，总面积约35平方公里。

• 地形地貌：三皇寨是一处悬挂于少室山腰的天然山寨，整个景区山体陡滑，山顶平宽，具有泰山之雄、华山之险、北恒之奇、南衡之秀等特点，以峰奇、路险、石怪、景秀闻名。

• 气候特征：属北温带季风型大陆性气候，四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥，春季雨少风多，秋季昼暖夜凉。

主要景点

• 人文景观：有莲花寺、清微宫、安阳宫、三皇寺、盘古洞、玉皇庙等。其中莲花寺建于1927年，砖石结构，寺里供奉集儒、释、道三教于一身。
• 自然景观：包括好汉坡、龙脊峡、猴子观云海等几十处。好汉坡有486级台阶，十分陡峭；书册崖由片状石英砂岩组成，是18亿年前嵩山地区激烈造山运动形成的强烈褶皱，宛如一本打开的历史史书。
历史文化

• 名称由来：得名于人们为纪念天皇、地皇、人皇这三位人祖在嵩山地区开创天地的功绩，其所敬奉的神灵超脱于儒、释、道三教之外，专以人祖为信仰核心。

• 发展历程：1994年，少林僧人释德建开始修复三皇寨禅院中濒临倒塌的殿堂，2005年启动第二次修建，2013年6月1日禅院修建完成。

游览建议

• 游览路线：可以从三皇寨景区入口进山，一路向上攀爬至三皇禅院，再几经上下，爬深壑，过连天吊桥，上悬空栈道，经书页崖到索道站，坐索道下山至塔林，最后由少林寺出口出。

• 游览时间：建议游玩4-6小时，最佳季节为春秋两季，此时天气凉爽，景色宜人。

少林寺位于河南省郑州市登封市少林景区，是著名的佛教寺院，以下是关于它的详细介绍：

历史渊源

• 始建与得名：北魏孝文帝太和十九年（495年），为安顿印度高僧跋陀落迹传教，在嵩山南麓兴建此寺，因建于少室山丛林茂密之处，故名“少林”。

• 禅宗起源：北魏孝昌三年（525年），天竺僧人菩提达摩来到少林寺，首创禅宗，少林寺由此被尊为“禅宗祖庭”。

建筑布局

• 山门：是少林寺常住院大门，由正门与东、西二掖门组成，单檐歇山式建筑，门首正中悬挂着清康熙御书的“少林寺”匾额。
• 天王殿：位于山门之后中轴线上，为第二进院落，初建于元代，殿内有哼哈二将与四大天王塑像。
• 大雄宝殿：全寺佛事活动中心，在古代又称“三世佛殿”“琉璃大殿”，殿内供奉三世佛像，两侧还有菩提达摩像和紧那罗像。
• 藏经阁：位于大雄宝殿之后中轴线上，又名“法堂”，为高僧讲经说法和贮存佛经典籍之所。
• 方丈院：是少林寺方丈处理事务、接待宾客之所，门前两侧悬有对联，曾作为乾隆皇帝夜宿少林寺时的寝宫。
• 立雪亭：原名“初祖殿”“达摩亭”，专为纪念禅宗二祖慧可大师而立，殿前有断臂求法的典故。
文化特色

• 少林武术：隋末唐初，少林武僧助李世民征战有功，少林寺名声大振，少林武术也随之扬名，有“中国功夫冠天下，天下功夫出少林”的美誉，是中国武术的重要流派，包括拳术、器械、对练等多种形式。

• 少林医术：少林药局建制于1217年，被誉为“佛门医宗”，有着独特的医学理论和疗法，如少林正骨、少林伤科等，对中国传统医学的发展有重要贡献。