【歴史じっくり紀行】OSHIRO vol.56 佐和山城 滋賀県彦根市にある関ケ原の戦いに敗れた石田三成の本拠城を訪れた!!【ゆっくり解説】【お城巡り】【日本観光】
Welcome. To OSHIRO. My name is Mitsunari Ishida. He was the owner of the castle we will visit this time. Right away, here’s the problem. I used half of Chiyuki to hire an extremely well-known samurai general who served the Rokkaku clan, the shugo of Omi. What is that person’s name? 1 Hachisuka Koroku
2 Kuroda Kanbei 3 Takenaka Hanbei 4 Shima Sakon The answer is in the program. hello everyone. Today I went to visit the castle again. The castle we will visit this time is Sawayama Castle. Sawayama Castle is a castle located in Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture.
This area was also ruled by Mitsunari Ishida, who was defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara. Let’s go right away. Sawayama Castle is 233 meters above sea level. It is a mountain 148 meters high.
It is said that it began in the Kamakura period when Tokitsuna Sasaki set up a mansion at the foot of Mt. Sawayama. During the Sengoku period, Sawayama Castle was a castle on the border between the Hubei and Konan forces.
The Kyogoku clan and Asai clan from the north are fighting with the Rokkaku clan from the south. In 1568, Oda Nobunaga of Owari supported Yoshiaki Ashikaga and advanced into Omi, and the Oda family took part in the battle for Sawayama Castle.
As a result, Oda and Asai formed an alliance and the Rokkaku clan, which opposed each other, fell into ruin. Kazumasa Isono of the Asai clan entered Sawayama Castle. Kazumasa Isono is a fierce general of the Asai clan. He achieved great military exploits in the battle against the Rokkaku clan.
In 1570, when Oda Nobunaga attacked Asakura Yoshikage in Echizen, Azai Nagamasa broke off his alliance with Nobunaga. As a result, the Battle of Anegawa occurs. At the Battle of Anegawa, Kazumasa Isono cut into the vicinity of Nobunaga’s headquarters. It is known as Anegawa 11-dan break.
The story goes that the Oda army had set up a 13-tiered camp and was able to cut it down to 11-tiered. At this critical moment, the Mino Sannin, including Ittetsu Inaba, rushed to Nobunaga.
Furthermore, with the reinforcements of the Tokugawa army who had defeated the Asakura army, the Asai army was completely destroyed, despite the efforts of Kazumasa Isono. After the Anegawa battle, Kazumasa Isono returned to Sawayama Castle and strengthened its defense.
In 1571, Oda Nobunaga invaded Omi and besieged Sawayama Castle. Nobunaga built a deer fence around Mt. Sawayama. Niwa Nagahide at Maruyama Castle in the east. Nagatoshi Ichihashi is in Isoyama in the north. Nobumoto Mizuno is in Satoneyama in the south. Hidetaka Kawajiri was placed on Mt. Hikone.
Kazumasa Isono’s siege lasted nine months, and Sawayama Castle was surrendered bloodlessly in February. The reason for the bloodless surrender of the castle seems to be that Sawayama Castle, to which Isono belonged,
Was cut off by land from Odani Castle, Nagamasa Asai’s main castle, due to the efforts of the Oda army at Yokoyama Castle. Kazumasa Isono surrendered and handed over Sawayama Castle to the Oda family.
He was then given Takashima County in his place and was forced to work as a vassal of the Oda family. Why did Isono decide to work for the Oda family? Isono surrendered to the Oda family on the condition that all of his troops be moved to Odari Castle.
However, it seems that Kazumasa Isono was suspected by the Asai clan and was not allowed to enter Odari Castle. Kazumasa Isono did not return to the Asai family, but ended up serving the Oda family. Nagahide Niwa, a vassal of Nobunaga, entered Sawayama Castle as a castle lord.
Sawayama Castle was located near Lake Biwa, with the medieval Tosando road running through its base. Additionally, Lake Biwa is nearby. Nobunaga tried to use the water transport of Lake Biwa when heading from his home base of Gifu to Kyoto.
For this reason, he ordered the construction of a large boat at Sawayama Castle. The size of the large boat is 54 meters long. It is said to have been 13 meters wide. It took about a month to complete. It was July 6th, the day after it was completed.
Nobunaga immediately boarded the completed ship and crossed from Sawayama to Sakamoto. After Nobunaga died in the Honnoji Incident, Toyotomi Hideyoshi took control of politics.
In 1590, when the country was unified, various feudal lords were rearranged. At this time, Toyotomi Hideyoshi placed Sawayama Castle under his direct control. Ishida Mitsunari was appointed as the magistrate. In 1595, Toyotomi Hidetsugu, who was Kanpaku, was ordered by Hideyoshi to commit suicide.
Ishida Mitsunari was given 194,000 koku and became the lord of Sawayama Castle. A five-story castle tower was built on a 4.5-meter stone wall in the main enclosure, and the Nishinomaru, Ninomaru, and Sannomaru were built around it. After Hideyoshi’s death, the Mudanha factions who had traveled to the Korean Peninsula returned to Japan.
The military generals and the magistrates, including Ishida Mitsunari, who were in charge of administration, were in conflict. Tokugawa Ieyasu joined the conflict with the aim of seizing power, resulting in the Battle of Sekigahara.
In 1600, Tokugawa Ieyasu, the head of the Five Elders, heads to Aizu with the Toyotomi family’s armed forces, as Kagekatsu Uesugi, one of the Five Elders, is planning a rebellion.
On the way, Mitsunari Ishida, who had retired to Sawayama Castle, raised an army. After the Battle of Sekigahara on September 15th, Sawayama Castle was attacked by Hideaki Kobayakawa and others. The Ishida side set fire to the castle themselves, and Sawayama Castle fell. Ii Naomasa, a Tokugawa vassal, took over Ishida Mitsunari’s territory.
Ii Naomasa was the chief retainer of the Tokugawa family. He is also known as the general who led the Ii Red Reserve, the Tokugawa’s strongest force. The Ii family built Hikone Castle and abandoned Sawayama Castle, and it is known that the first generation, Ii Naomasa, died at Sawayama Castle.
Everyone, how about a tour of the castle? I hope you enjoyed it. It’s time to check the answers to the castle quiz. My name is Mitsunari Ishida. He served as the lord of Sawayama Castle and one of the five magistrates of the Toyotomi government.
Before becoming the lord of Sawayama Castle, I was primarily responsible for administrative work, such as transporting His Imperial Highness the Kanpaku for his conquest of Kyushu and surveying the land during the Oshu Punishment.
It’s not that there’s no military merit. Going back in time, he was also known for his military exploits, such as being the first to raise a spear among the harbingers at the Battle of Shizugatake.
During his time as the lord of Sawayama Castle, he was appointed as the Kyoto magistrate and was responsible for suppressing Christians and entertaining peace envoys with the Ming Dynasty. The second time we dispatched troops to Korea, we stayed in Japan, but in fact, a third one was planned, and
I was scheduled to be one of the generals. However, due to the death of Prince Taiko, the plan was canceled. After that, the Toyotomi family, including Kiyomasa Kato and Masanori Fukushima, turned their tails on the Tokugawa family, allowing the Tokugawa family to control the government.
At Sekigahara, I gathered all the generals, but they were defeated by the Tokugawa. That won’t happen this time. We need to raise military funds as soon as possible. If you eat persimmons, the gold will ring at Kannonji Temple. Hey, everyone. You should be careful when eating persimmons.
That’s because if you eat too much, you’ll get hungry. What you see over there is the hated Tokugawa Ieyasu. The great thief who stole Hideyori’s empire. Everyone, let’s go to battle. Thank you for watching until the end. How was your visit to the castle today?
Please subscribe to the channel and give us a high rating. See you again on your next castle tour. Our next castle tour will be Katsuhata Castle. This castle is said to be one of the castles where Oda Nobunaga was born, according to various theories. Please look forward to it.
佐和山城は滋賀県彦根市にあったお城です。この地は関ケ原の戦いで敗れた石田三成が治めていた土地でもあります。関ケ原の戦い後、徳川家康率いる東軍にお城は攻められました。お城の遺構は彦根城に移築されたため、現在の佐和山はお城跡です。本丸跡は広場になっています。彦根城と佐和山城は距離が近いため、セットで巡るととても楽しめます。
今回は佐和山へ登山しました。
【所在地】滋賀県彦根市古沢町
【交通】JR琵琶湖線・彦根駅から徒歩15分で登山口、山頂まで20分
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【駐車場】有
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